According to andyeducation, the educational system in Ghana is divided into three levels of instruction: basic, secondary, and tertiary. The basic education level includes Kindergarten, primary school, and Junior High School (JHS). Kindergarten is optional for children aged 4-5 and is aimed at preparing them for primary school. Primary school is compulsory for children aged 6-14 and consists of six years of instruction. Upon completion of primary school, students enter Junior High School which consists of three years of instruction. Secondary education in Ghana consists of Senior High School (SHS) and Technical/Vocational Education Training (TVET). SHS is a three-year program that prepares students for higher education or employment. It provides students with the opportunity to pursue either a general or specialized curriculum depending on their interests and goals. TVET programs are offered at both public and private institutions and provide students with practical skills to prepare them for the job market or further studies. Tertiary education in Ghana includes universities, polytechnics, colleges of education, business schools, nursing training colleges, technical institutes, health training institutions, agricultural colleges and other professional programs. These institutions offer both academic degree programs as well as vocational training courses depending on the institution’s focus. In order to ensure quality in its educational system, the government has implemented several measures including providing financial assistance for students from low-income households; encouraging collaboration between public institutions and private companies; promoting diversity in higher education by encouraging underrepresented groups such as women or ethnic minorities to pursue higher degrees; improving teacher training programs; modernizing infrastructure; introducing new technologies into classrooms; providing computer labs with high-speed internet connections throughout the country; offering incentives for students who wish to pursue international studies or internships abroad; and subsidizing businesses that hire recent graduates from Ghanaian universities so they can gain practical experience before entering the job market. See educationvv for Ghana educational systems.
