According to andyeducation, the educational system in Ecuador is composed of both public and private institutions, offering educational opportunities from pre-primary to tertiary level. Pre-primary education is available for children aged 3 to 5 years old, while primary education is mandatory for all children aged 6 to 12 years old. Secondary education is not compulsory but can be accessed by those aged 13 to 15 years old. Primary education lasts for six years, during which time students are taught a variety of subjects such as language arts, mathematics, science, history, geography and social studies. English is also taught as a second language from an early age since it plays an important role in international trade and communication with other countries. Secondary education consists of three levels: lower secondary school (junior high) for students aged 12 to 15 years old; upper secondary school (senior high) for students aged 15 to 18 years old; and tertiary level which includes universities such as Universidad Central del Ecuador or Universidad San Francisco de Quito which offer undergraduate and postgraduate degrees in areas such as medicine, engineering, economics or business administration among others. In addition to traditional public schools there are also several private institutions offering vocational training programs in areas like hospitality management or IT which help prepare students for specific careers after completion of their studies. These programs are designed to provide practical skills that are not available within the traditional academic curriculum but are essential for employment opportunities in today’s job market. Overall, access to quality education has been improved through various initiatives aimed at promoting access to higher learning among traditionally marginalized groups such as women or those living in rural areas who may not have had access before due to financial constraints or lack of infrastructure. This has resulted in increased literacy rates among adults as well as improved employment opportunities due to better preparation for both further study and the labor market through its comprehensive range of programs at all levels of education. See educationvv for Ecuador educational systems.